Genetically similar temperate phages form coalitions with their shared host that lead to niche-specific fitness effects

摘要

Potential outcomes of superinfection of sp. strain CB-D with ɸ-A viral particles. Within the CB-D genome, prophage D is flanked by 15 bp GC-rich direct terminal repeats ( ), within the 3′ end of a host tRNA-Leu gene. ɸ-A harbors a single copy of this sequence (termed ). Alignment of ɸ-A and ɸ-D genomes and recruitment of environmental virome reads. Purple plots show nucleotide identity between phage genomes (scale ranging from 0 to 100%). Open rectangles represent individual ORFs; predicted annotations are provided, where possible. Reads from a North Atlantic, size fractioned virome (~35 kb) (PRJNA47483) that mapped to either genome are shown directly beneath each phage ORF map. Reads were simultaneously recruited to both of the ɸ-A and ɸ-D genomes. Yellow bars represent reads that mapped to either ɸ-A and ɸ-D with equal fidelity (  = 562); the distribution of these reads across the two genomes was randomized. Those fragments in black are specific for either ɸ-A or ɸ-D (  = 161). Refer to Fig.  for the full suite of reads recruiting to each phage genome.