Continuous noninvasive wireless monitoring of flow of cerebrospinal fluid through shunts in patients with hydrocephalus

摘要

Exploded view illustration of the device, highlighting the flexible circuit board, electronic components, thermally insulating foam, elastomeric encapsulation and adhesive layers. Optical images of devices illustrating their flexible construction and ability to mount on the skin over anatomical regions relevant to VP shunts. Finite element analysis (FEA) of the distributions of strain across the fPCB during bending to a degree comparable to that required to mount on the neck region of a child (radius of curvature = 40 mm) and an adult (55 mm). Schematic illustration of the electronic design for actuation, data acquisition and wireless transmission. Optical image of smartphone application used for wireless readout and communication. Participants provided written informed consent to have their photos/images included as a part of this publication.