Design and application of carbon nanomaterials for photoactive and charge transport layers in organic solar cells

摘要

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT):6,6-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) before thermal annealing, after annealing at 150 °C for 30 min, and after annealing at 150 °C for 2 h. Bright features correspond to PCBM, and dark features correspond to P3HT. PCBM and P3HT are clearly separated within 10 nm after thermal annealing. Reprinted with permission from Ma et al. [ ], © 2005, Wiley