Treatment Strategies in the Management of Maxillofacial Ballistic Injuries in Low-Intensity Conflict Scenarios

摘要

– A patient (Group 1) exhibiting the entry point of an AK-47 bullet below the chin, traversing upwards, fracturing the mandible, perforating the tongue, fracturing the maxilla and thereafter exiting through the forehead. – Early aggressive open surgical reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) carried out as indicated by the white arrows, of the frontal bone, maxilla and mandible, hand in hand with tissue debridement, anterior nasal packing to control hemorrhage, and primary closure. – Immediate postoperative appearance and CT scan showing the well aligned and fixed fractured fragments of the maxillofacial skeleton with the implants in situ as indicated by the black arrows