Evolutionary constraints on species diversity in marine bacterioplankton communities

摘要

A conceptual model for explaining diversity–environment relationships. Under short-term, local-scale processes, the variation in species diversity among local communities is regulated by changes in abiotic environmental factors, e.g. temperature. Particular diversity–environment relationships are driven by in situ resource allocations and species interactions. Under long-term broad-scale processes, the environmental effects operate most strongly on phylum composition, which in turn dictates species diversities of local communities. The observed diversity–environment relationships reflect dual macro-evolutionary consequences: distinct phylogenetic lineages (1) have different diversification rates and (2) exhibit unique environmental affiliations. Here, the potential confines of past phylogenetic divergence and adaptation on present-day patterns are illustrated as three hypothetical cases. Notably, the specific diversity–environment relationship may differ depending on the taxonomic groups and environmental variables of consideration in each case