Recent insights into eukaryotic translation initiation factors 5A1 and 5A2 and their roles in human health and disease

摘要

Characteristics and general structure of human eIF5A proteins. Structure of human eIF5A1 (PDB: 3CPF), colors are used to highlight the secondary structures of eIF5A1, eleven β-strands (gold), a one-turn 3 -helix (purple), and a three-turn α-helix (purplish red). The hypusine modification site (lysine 50) is located at the loop connecting β3 and β4. alignment of the amino acid sequences of eIF5A1 isoform 1, eIF5A1 isoform 2, and eIF5A2. Red color indicates an additional 30 residues in the N-terminus of non-canonical eIF5A1 isoform 2, blue color for non-matching amino acid residues between eIF5A1 and eIF5A2, orange color for nuclear localization signal for eIF5A1 in B16-F10 cells and green color for the minimum domain of the eIF5A1 protein needed for hypusine modification. Four blue arrowheads indicate lysine 47, histidine 51, glycine 52, and lysine 55, which are important for the hypusine formation