Associations of Alcohol Nicotine Cannabis and Drug Use/Dependence with Educational Attainment: Evidence from Cotwin-Control Analyses

摘要

BackgroundAlthough substance use is associated with reduced educational attainment, this association may be due to common risk factors such as socioeconomic disadvantage. We tested whether alcohol, nicotine, and illicit drug use and dependence were associated with lifetime educational attainment after controlling for familial background characteristics.