Personalized oncology aims to tailor therapy by targeting the unique genetic characteristics of a patient’s tumor while cancer immunotherapy focuses on activating the patient’s immune system to control the tumor. The fusion of these ostensibly separate strategies has created a new dimension for personalized cancer immunotherapy. This entails the development of next generation cancer vaccines that target neoantigens as well as the use of mutational signatures as predictive biomarkers for clinical response. The optimal use of immunotherapeutic agents will hinge on a robust understanding of the mutational profile of a cancer’s genome which significantly dictates anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapeutic response.
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