Update of the ICUD-SIU consultation on upper tract urothelial carcinoma 2016: Treatment of low-risk upper tract urothelial carcinoma

摘要

The conservative management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) has historically been offered to patients with imperative indications. The recent International Consultation on Urologic Diseases publication on UTUC stratified treatment allocations based on high and low-risk groups. The risk-stratified approach allows selective patients who could benefit from kidney preserving procedures (KPP) with oncological outcomes similar to radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) with bladder cuff excision. There are no prospective randomized controlled studies to support management guidelines. Recent developments in imaging, minimally invasive techniques, multi-modality approaches, adjuvant topical and systemic chemotherapeutic regimens and bladder cancer prevention raise the hope for improved risk stratification and treatments with superior oncological outcomes.