Prospects and Challenges in the Development of a Norovirus Vaccine

摘要

Norovirus is the leading cause of acute epidemic gastroenteritis among children under the age of five years and adults in the US and in adults worldwide, accounting for an estimated 20% of episodes of acute gastroenteritis across all ages. No effective vaccine is currently available. Two candidate vaccines have reached clinical trials, and a number of other candidates are in preclinical stages of development. This article provides an overview of the current state of norovirus vaccine development, emphasizing barriers and challenges to the development of an effective vaccine, correlates of protection used to assess vaccine efficacy and the results of clinical trials of the major candidate vaccines.