Unique pulmonary immunotoxicological effects of urban PM are not recapitulated solely by carbon black diesel exhaust or coal fly ash

摘要

BackgroundExposure to particulate matter (PM) is increasing worldwide as a result of increased human activity, the rapid industrialization of developing countries, and effects of climate change. Adverse effects of PM on human health are well documented, and because PM exposure occurs mostly through the airways, PM has especially deleterious impact on the lungs.