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Color-Vision Mechanisms in the Peripheral Retinas of Normal and Dichromatic Observers

机译:正常和双色观察者周围视网膜的色觉机制

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摘要

It is possible that so-called normal trichromatic vision occurs only between the central blue-blind fixation area and about 30° peripherally. Beyond about 30° vision has been alleged to become dichromatic (red-green blind), and beyond about 60°, monochromatic. Hence every form of color blindness may characterize various zones of the normal retina. We have studied mechanisms of peripheral color vision, mainly by measuring the spectral sensitivities of the blue-, green-, and red-sensitive systems, isolated by differential color adaptation. In normal observers the sensitivity of the blue-mechanism falls off about 2 log units by 80° out. The green- and red-sensitive systems decline only about 0.7 log unit over the same range. Protanopes, deuteranopes, and tritanopes exhibit comparable changes. We have not found any color mechanism present centrally to be wholly lost peripherally. Nor, for dichromats, have we found any mechanism missing centrally to be present peripherally. Whatever evidences of peripheral color blindness have been observed appear to involve other mechanisms than failure of receptors, probably including some fusion of neural pathways from receptors to centers.
机译:所谓的正常三色视觉可能只出现在中心蓝盲固定区域和周围大约30°之间。据称,超过约30°时,视力会变为双色(红绿盲),超过约60°时,则变为单色。因此,每种形式的色盲都可以表征正常视网膜的各个区域。我们已经研究了外围色彩视觉的机制,主要是通过测量由色差自适应隔离的蓝,绿和红敏感系统的光谱灵敏度。在正常观察者中,蓝色机制的灵敏度下降了80度,约为2个对数单位。绿色和红色敏感系统在相同范围内仅下降约0.7 log单位。百足类,氘代和三足类动物表现出可比的变化。我们还没有发现中央存在的任何颜色机制在外围完全消失。同样,对于双色差,我们也没有发现外围存在中央缺失的任何机制。观察到任何周围色盲的证据似乎都涉及到受体衰竭以外的其他机制,可能包括从受体到中心的神经通路的融合。

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