From mid-May to August 2011, extreme runoff in the Columbia River ranged from 14,000 to over 17,000 m3/s, more than two standard deviations above the mean for this period. The extreme runoff was the direct result of both melting of anomalously high snowpack and rainfall associated with the 2010–2011 La Niña. The effects of this increased freshwater discharge were observed off Newport, Oregon, 180 km south of the Columbia River mouth. Salinity values as low as 22, nine standard deviations below the climatological value for this period, were registered at the mid-shelf. Using a network of ocean observing sensors and platforms, it was possible to capture the onshore advection of the Columbia River plume from the mid-shelf, 20 km offshore, to the coast and eventually into Yaquina Bay (Newport) during a sustained wind reversal event. Increased freshwater delivery can influence coastal ocean ecosystems and delivery of offshore, river-influenced water may influence estuarine biogeochemistry.
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机译：从2011年5月中旬到8月，哥伦比亚河的极端径流量范围从14,000到17,000 m 3 / s，比该时期的平均值高出两个以上标准差。极端径流是异常高的积雪融化和2010-2011年拉尼娜现象造成的降雨的直接结果。在哥伦比亚河口以南180公里处的俄勒冈州纽波特市附近，观察到了这种增加的淡水排放量的影响。盐度值低至22，比该时期的气候值低9个标准差，记录在货架中部。使用海洋观测传感器和平台网络，可以在持续的风向逆转事件中捕获哥伦比亚河羽流的近岸平流，该中流从离岸20 km的中层架到海岸，最后进入Yaquina湾（纽波特） 。淡水输送量的增加会影响沿海海洋生态系统，近海，受河流影响的水的输送量可能会影响河口的生物地球化学。
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