The desire for lightweight nanoporous materials with high-performance thermal insulation and efficient anti-ablation resistance for energy conservation and thermal protection/insulation has greatly motivated research and development recently. The main challenge to synthesize such lightweight materials is how to balance the relationship of low thermal conductivity and flame retardancy. Herein, we propose a new concept of lightweight “rime-like” structured carbon-phenolic nanocomposites to solve this problem, where the 3D chopped network-structured carbon fiber (NCF) monoliths are incorporated with nanoporous phenolic aerogel to retain structural and functional integrity. The nanometer-scaled porous phenolic (NP) was synthesized through polymerization-induced phase separation and ambient pressure drying using phenolic resin (PR) solution as reaction source, ethylene glycol (EG) as solvent and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) as catalyst. We demonstrate that the as-prepared NCF-NP nanocomposite exhibits with a low density of 0.25–0.35 g/cm3, low thermal conductivity of 0.125 Wm−1K−1 and outstanding flame retardancy exceeding 2000 °C under arc-jet wind tunnel simulation environment. Our results show that the synthesis strategy is a promising approach for producing nanocomposites with excellent high-temperature heat blocking property.
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机译:对具有高性能隔热和有效的抗烧蚀性的轻质纳米多孔材料进行节能和隔热/隔热的需求最近极大地推动了研究和开发。合成这种轻质材料的主要挑战是如何平衡低导热性和阻燃性之间的关系。在这里,我们提出了一种轻量级的“霜状”结构的碳酚纳米复合材料的新概念,以解决此问题,其中将3D短切网络结构碳纤维(NCF)整体材料与纳米多孔酚气凝胶结合在一起,以保持结构和功能的完整性。以酚醛树脂(PR)溶液为反应源,乙二醇(EG)为溶剂,六亚甲基四胺(HMTA)为催化剂,通过聚合诱导的相分离和常压干燥法合成了纳米级多孔酚醛树脂。我们证明了所制备的NCF-NP纳米复合材料的密度低,为0.25–0.35 g / cm 3 sup>,低导热系数为0.125 Wm -1 sup> K -1 sup>,在电弧喷射风洞模拟环境下,阻燃性超过2000C。我们的结果表明,合成策略是生产具有优异高温阻热性能的纳米复合材料的一种有前途的方法。
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