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Seasonal and regional presence of hymenopteran parasitoids of Drosophila in Switzerland and their ability to parasitize the invasive Drosophila suzukii

机译:在果蝇中膜翅蝶寄生的季节性和区域性及其寄生铃木果蝇的能力。

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摘要

Since its introduction into Europe the invasive Drosophila suzukii has established and spread widely, thereby entering habitats populated by native Drosophila species and their natural enemies. The highly prolific D. suzukii will likely interact with these species as a competitor, host or prey. To investigate potential interactions of D. suzukii with parasitoids, a field survey was conducted across several fruit-growing regions in Switzerland in two consecutive years. Eight species of hymenopteran parasitoids were collected using D. melanogaster as sentinel hosts in field-traps. Parasitoid capture was much higher in 2015 than in 2014 and varied among regions, time of the growing season, and habitat type. Laboratory no-choice assays with the field-collected species demonstrated that the larval parasitoids Asobara tabida, Leptopilina boulardi, and L. heterotoma could not use D. suzukii for reproduction, although the latter two reduced the number of emerging D. suzukii. In contrast, the pupal parasitoids Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae, Trichopria drosophilae, Vrestovia fidenas and Spalangia erythromera all developed with D. suzukii as hosts. Regional differences between strains were generally not evident, with the exception of two T. drosophilae strains that differed in parasitization rate. Thus, native parasitoids may interact with D. suzukii and should be regarded when implementing pest control measures.
机译:自进入欧洲以来,入侵性果蝇铃木已建立并广泛传播,从而进入了由果蝇原生物种及其天敌组成的栖息地。高度产的铃木D.可能会与这些物种相互作用,成为竞争者,寄主或猎物。为调查铃木D.与寄生虫的潜在相互作用,连续两年对瑞士几个水果种植区进行了实地调查。使用黑腹果蝇(D. melanogaster)作为野外诱捕物的定点寄主,收集了八种膜翅目寄生虫。 2015年的寄生虫捕获率比2014年高得多,并且在不同地区,生长季节的时间和栖息地类型方面有所不同。实验室对野外采集的物种进行的非选择分析表明,幼虫的寄生类天蛾,小钩端螺旋体和异嗜乳杆菌不能使用铃木D. suzukii繁殖,尽管后两者减少了新兴的铃木D. suzukii的数量。相比之下,D寄生的拟南芥Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae,果蝇Trichopria drosophilae,Vrestovia fidenas和Spalangia erythromera均以铃木D.为寄主。除两个寄生果率不同的果蝇嗜热菌菌株外,菌株之间的区域差异通常不明显。因此,天然的寄生物可能与铃木D.相互作用,在实施害虫控制措施时应予以考虑。

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