Foam sclerotherapy is a widely used treatment for varicose veins. However, complications caused by poor foam stability still remain. Most studies ignore multiple influencing factors and only study a single factor. Furthermore, a stable foam preparation using different preparation conditions has not been developed. This study aimed to explore the changing laws of foam stability under multifactorial conditions, and to determine the influence of various factors and optimal preparation conditions on the half-life of foam. A two-level orthogonal test was conducted using four factors (syringe size, surfactant, preparation temperature, and pump speed). Classifications were established as follows: syringe sizes, 2.5 mL and 5 mL; surfactant concentrations, 6% and 0%; preparation temperatures, 20 °C and 10 °C; and pump speeds, 250 mm/s and 125 mm/s, respectively. Eight experimental group (EG) multi-factor combinations were tested. Half-life and drainage time were recorded for analysis. The initial drainage time was within 200 s, but the difference between the groups was also about 200 s. The drainage rate curves of all EGs gradually increased over time. Conversely, the foam half-life extended by about 10 times for the four factors. In addition, the analyses revealed that the order of influence was surfactant >temperature >pump speed >syringe size. The most stable foam preparation was determined. Syringe size, surfactant, temperature, and pump speed had markedly observable influences on foam half-life. A combination of multiple factors can be used to prepare a more stable foam in clinical scenarios and to suitably superimpose favorable conditions to avoid unfavorable conditions.
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机译:泡沫硬化疗法是用于静脉曲张的一种广泛使用的疗法。但是,由于泡沫稳定性差而引起的并发症仍然存在。大多数研究忽略了多个影响因素,只研究了一个因素。此外,尚未开发出使用不同制备条件的稳定的泡沫制剂。这项研究旨在探讨多因素条件下泡沫稳定性的变化规律,并确定各种因素和最佳制备条件对泡沫半衰期的影响。使用四个因素(注射器大小,表面活性剂,制备温度和泵速)进行了两级正交试验。建立如下分类:注射器规格,2.5 µmL和5 µmL;表面活性剂浓度分别为6%和0%;制备温度为20°C和10°C;和泵速分别为250 mm / s和125 mm / s。测试了八个实验组(EG)多因素组合。记录半衰期和排水时间以进行分析。最初的排水时间在200µs以内,但两组之间的差异也大约为200µs。所有EG的引流速率曲线随时间逐渐增加。相反,对于这四个因素,泡沫半衰期延长了约10倍。另外,分析显示影响顺序为表面活性剂>温度>泵速>注射器尺寸。确定了最稳定的泡沫制剂。注射器尺寸,表面活性剂,温度和泵速对泡沫半衰期有明显的影响。多种因素的组合可用于在临床情况下制备更稳定的泡沫,并适当叠加有利条件以避免不利条件。
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