Nausea and emesis are common side effects of gastrointestinal disease. Reports indicate that ghrelin and endocannabinoids, agents that stimulate appetite, also reduce emesis evoked by chemotherapy treatment, which suggests that stimulation of feeding inhibits the emetic system. In the following study we conducted a more direct test of this hypothesis by determining the impact of manipulating the motivation to eat on emesis, using food restriction and refeeding. Emesis was induced in musk shrews, a commonly used animal model for emesis research, using the cancer chemotherapy agent cisplatin (20 mg/kg ip), nicotine (2 mg/kg sc), or motion (1 Hz, horizontal, 4-cm displacement), because these treatments are known to target separate emetic pathways: gut vagal afferents, area postrema, and vestibular pathways, respectively. Twenty-four hours of food restriction was sufficient to stimulate food intake, and 1 h of refeeding filled the stomach. The results indicate that food restriction, refeeding, and gastric fill had no significant effects on the amount of emesis produced by any of the emetic treatments tested here. This suggests that, although activation of the emetic system might have prominent effects on food intake, neural controls for feeding behavior do not significantly affect the neural pathways for emesis. These results may have implications for how we treat patients who experience a constellation of side effects, including nausea and emesis, since stimulating appetite may not necessarily inhibit emetic pathways.
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机译:恶心和呕吐是胃肠道疾病的常见副作用。报告表明,刺激食欲的生长激素释放肽和内源性大麻素也可减少化学疗法引起的呕吐,这表明进食刺激会抑制催吐系统。在接下来的研究中,我们通过限制饮食和进食来确定进食动机对呕吐的影响,从而对该假设进行了更直接的检验。使用癌化学疗法顺铂(20 mg / kg ip),尼古丁(2 mg / kg sc)或运动(1 Hz,水平,4 cm位移),因为已知这些治疗方法针对的是单独的催吐途径:肠迷走神经传入,后区域和前庭通路。二十四小时的食物限制足以刺激食物的摄取,并且再喂食1小时充满了胃。结果表明,进食限制,进食和胃部充盈对此处进行的任何催吐治疗产生的呕吐量均无明显影响。这表明,尽管催吐系统的激活可能对食物摄入有显着影响,但进食行为的神经控制并未显着影响呕吐的神经通路。这些结果可能对我们如何治疗经历包括恶心和呕吐在内的一系列副作用的患者产生影响,因为刺激食欲不一定能抑制催吐途径。
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