Previous research has shown that vocal errors can be simulated using a pitch perturbation technique. Two types of responses are observed when subjects are asked to ignore changes in pitch during a steady vowel production, a compensatory response countering the direction of the perceived change in pitch and a following response in the same direction as the pitch perturbation. The present study investigated the nature of these responses by asking subjects to volitionally change their voice fundamental frequency either in the opposite direction (“opposing” group) or the same direction (“following” group) as the pitch shifts (±100 cents, 1000 ms) presented during the speaker's production of an /a/ vowel. Results showed that voluntary responses that followed the stimulus directions had significantly shorter latencies (150 ms) than opposing responses (360 ms). In addition, prior to the slower voluntary opposing responses, there were short latency involuntary responses that followed the stimulus direction. These following responses may involve mechanisms of imitation or vocal shadowing of acoustical stimuli when subjects are predisposed to respond to a change in frequency of a sound. The slower opposing responses may represent a control strategy that requires monitoring and correcting for errors between the feedback signal and the intended vocal goal.
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机译：先前的研究表明，可以使用音调摄动技术来模拟人声错误。当要求受试者忽略稳定元音产生期间的音高变化时，会观察到两种类型的响应：与音高变化方向相反的补偿性响应和与音高扰动相同方向的跟随响应。本研究通过要求受试者随着音高变化（±100分，1000）在相反方向（“相反”组）或相同方向（“跟随”组）自愿改变其语音基本频率，从而研究了这些响应的性质。 ms）在演讲者制作/ a /元音时出现。结果表明，遵循刺激方向的自愿应答的潜伏期（150µms）明显短于相反的应答（360µms）。另外，在较慢的自愿对立反应之前，遵循刺激方向的潜伏期短的非自愿反应。当受试者倾向于对声音频率的变化做出响应时，这些以下响应可能涉及模仿或听觉刺激的声音阴影机制。较慢的相反响应可能表示一种控制策略，需要监控和纠正反馈信号和预期目标之间的错误。
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