Coherent Oscillations in Neuronal Activity of the Supplementary Motor Area during a Visuomotor Task

摘要

Neural activity recorded in behaving animals is nonstationary, making it difficult to determine factors influencing its temporal patterns. In the present study, rhesus monkeys were trained to produce a series of visually guided hand movements according to the changes in target locations, and multichannel single-neuron activity was recorded from the caudal supplementary motor area. Coherent oscillations in neural activity were analyzed using the wavelet cross-spectrum, and its statistical significance was evaluated using various methods based on surrogate spike trains and trial shuffling. A population-averaged wavelet cross-spectrum displayed a strong tendency for oscillatory activity in the γ frequency range (30∼50 Hz) to synchronize immediately before and after the onset of movement target. The duration of synchronized oscillations in the γ frequency range increased when the onset of the next target was delayed. In addition, analysis of individual neuron pairs revealed that many neuron pairs also displayed coherent oscillations in the β frequency range (15-30 Hz). Coherent β frequency oscillations were less likely to be synchronized than γ frequency oscillations, consistent with the fact that coherent β frequency oscillations were not clearly seen in the population-averaged cross-spectrum. For a given neuron pair, the time course and phase of coherent oscillations were often similar across different movements. These results are consistent with the proposal that synchronized oscillations in the γ frequency range might be related to the anticipation of behaviorally relevant events and the contextual control of cortical information flow.