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Applying community-oriented primary care methods in British general practice: a case study.

机译:在英国全科医生中采用面向社区的初级保健方法:一个案例研究。

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摘要

BACKGROUND: The '75 and over' assessments built into the 1990 contract for general practice have failed to enthuse primary care teams or make a significant impact on the health of older people. Alternative methods for improving the health of older people living at home are being sought. AIM: To test the feasibility of applying community-oriented primary care methodology to a relatively deprived sub-population of older people in a relatively deprived area. DESIGN OF STUDY: A combination of developmental and triangulation approaches to data analysis. SETTING: Four general practices in an inner London borough. METHOD: A community-oriented primary care approach was used to initiate innovative care for older people, supported financially by the health authority and practically by primary care academics. RESULTS: All four practices identified problems needing attention in the older population, developed different projects focused on particular needs among older people, and tested them in practice. Patient and public involvement were central to the design and implementation processes in only one practice. Innovations were sustained in only one practice, but some were adopted by a primary care group and others extended to a wider group of practices by the health authority. CONCLUSION: A modified community-oriented primary care approach can be used in British general practice, and changes can be promoted that are perceived as valuable by planning bodies. However, this methodology may have more impact at primary care trust level than at practice level.
机译:背景:1990年普通实践合同中的“ 75岁及以上”评估未能激发初级保健团队的积极性,也未对老年人的健康产生重大影响。正在寻找改善在家中老年人健康的替代方法。目的:测试将面向社区的初级保健方法应用于相对贫困地区老年人口相对贫乏的亚人群的可行性。研究设计:开发和三角剖分方法相结合的数据分析。地点:伦敦市区内部的四种常规做法。方法:以社区为导向的初级保健方法被用于为老年人发起创新护理,并得到了卫生当局的资助,并且实际上得到了初级保健学者的支持。结果:所有四种实践都确定了老年人群中需要注意的问题,针对老年人的特殊需求制定了不同的项目,并在实践中进行了测试。在一种实践中,患者和公众的参与对设计和实施过程至关重要。创新仅在一种实践中得以维持,但一些创新被基层医疗机构采用,而其他创新则被卫生当局推广到更广泛的实践领域。结论:可以在英国的全科医师中使用经过改进的面向社区的初级保健方法,并且可以促进计划机构认为有价值的变革。但是,这种方法在初级保健信任级别比在实践级别可能会产生更大的影响。

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