Several etiologies have been proposed for erythrocytosis associated with uterine leiomyoma. We report a case of erythrocytosis associated with a large uterine leiomyoma, in which specific immunostaining for erythropoietin was positive. A 55-year-old woman, gravida 0, para 0, was referred to our hospital for treatment for a large uterine myoma and erythrocytosis. She had no vaginal bleeding after she reached menopause at 50 years old. She had severe polycythemia: hemoglobin (Hb), 19.9 g/dL; red blood cell count (RBC), 6.65 × 106/mm3; hematocrit, (Hct) 59.1%. An abdominal simple hysterectomy was performed, and a pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyoma of the uterus. In addition, immunostaining demonstrated that the cytoplasm of the leiomyoma cells was strongly positive for erythropoietin. After the operation, the patient's hemoglobin and hematocrit levels normalized, and we diagnosed her condition as myomatous erythrocytosis syndrome.
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机译：已经提出了几种与子宫平滑肌瘤有关的红细胞增多的病因。我们报告一例与大子宫平滑肌瘤相关的红细胞增多症，其中促红细胞生成素的特异性免疫染色为阳性。一名55岁孕妇gravida 0，第0段，被转介到我们医院接受治疗，以治疗大子宫肌瘤和红细胞增多症。她在50岁绝经后没有阴道流血。她患有严重的红细胞增多症：血红蛋白（Hb）为19.9微克/分升；红细胞计数（RBC），6.65×10 6 / mm 3 ;血细胞比容（Hct）59.1％。进行了腹部单纯子宫切除术，并且病理检查证实了子宫平滑肌瘤的诊断。另外，免疫染色证明平滑肌细胞的细胞质对促红细胞生成素强烈阳性。手术后，患者的血红蛋白和血细胞比容水平恢复正常，我们将其病情诊断为肌红细胞增多症。
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