Formaldehyde has been discussed as a typical indoor pollutant for decades. To evaluate the current state-of-the-art in formaldehyde research and to identify the plethora of regulated and unregulated formaldehyde sources in indoor and outdoor spaces, an extensive literature search was carried out. The acquired data were analyzed with the aid of Monte-Carlo methods to calculate realistic formaldehyde concentration profiles and exposure scenarios under consideration of aging, source/sink behavior and diffusion effects. Average concentrations of formaldehyde are within 20–30 µg/m³ for European households under residential-typical conditions. The assumption of an average air exchange rate of 0.5 h−1 is also plausible. Formaldehyde emission rates of materials and products for indoor use are widely spread and range from non-detectable to > 1000 µg/h. However, processes like combustion, cleaning activities, operation of air purifiers and indoor chemistry were identified as temporary but relevant formaldehyde sources, which might cause high peak concentrations.
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机译:甲醛作为一种典型的室内污染物已被讨论了数十年。为了评估当前甲醛研究的最新水平,并确定室内和室外空间中过多的调节和非调节甲醛源,进行了广泛的文献检索。在考虑老化,源/汇行为和扩散效应的情况下,借助蒙特卡洛方法对获取的数据进行了分析,以计算出实际的甲醛浓度曲线和暴露情况。在住宅典型条件下,欧洲家庭的甲醛平均浓度在20–30 µg /m³之内。平均空气交换率为0.5 h -1 sup>的假设也是合理的。室内使用的材料和产品的甲醛释放速率广泛分布,范围从不可检测到> 1000µg / h。但是,燃烧,清洁活动,空气净化器的运行和室内化学物质等过程被确定为暂时但相关的甲醛源,可能会导致高浓度峰值。
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