Supramolecular Chemistry And Self-assembly Special Feature: From reactants to products via simple hydrogen-bondingnetworks: Information transmission in chemical reactions

摘要

The transmission of information is ubiquitous in nature and often occurs through supramolecular hydrogen bonding processes. Here we report that there is a remarkable correlation during synthesis between the efficiency of the hydrogen-bond-directed assembly of peptide-based [2]rotaxanes and the symmetry distortion of the macrocycle in the structure of the final product. It transpires that the ability of the flexible macrocycle-precursor to wrap around an unsymmetrical hydrogen bonding template affects both the reaction yield and a quantifiable measure of the symmetry distortion of the macrocycle in the product. When the yields of peptide rotaxane-forming reactions are high, so is the symmetry distortion in the macrocycle; when the yields are low, indicating a poor fit between the components, the macrocycle symmetry is relatively unaffected by the thread. Thus during a synthetic sequence, as in complex biological assembly processes, hydrogen bonding can code and transmit “information”—in this case a distortion from symmetry—between chemical entities by means of a supramolecularly driven multicomponent assembly process. If thisphenomenon is general, it could have far reaching consequences for theuse of supramolecular-directed reactions in organic chemistry.