Electrospun ZnO–SnO2 Composite Nanofibers and Enhanced Sensing Properties to SF6 Decomposition Byproduct H2S

摘要

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important decomposition component of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), which has been extensively used in gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) power equipment as insulating and arc-quenching medium. In this work, electrospun ZnO-SnO2 composite nanofibers as a promising sensing material for SF6 decomposition component H2S were proposed and prepared. The crystal structure and morphology of the electrospun ZnO-SnO2 samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The composition of the sensitive materials was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometers (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Side heated sensors were fabricated with the electrospun ZnO-SnO2 nanofibers and the gas sensing behaviors to H2S gas were systematically investigated. The proposed ZnO–SnO2 composite nanofibers sensor showed lower optimal operating temperature, enhanced sensing response, quick response/recovery time and good long-term stability against H2S. The measured optimal operating temperature of the ZnO–SnO2 nanofibers sensor to 50 ppm H2S gas was about 250°C with a response of 66.23, which was 6 times larger than pure SnO2 nanofibers sensor. The detection limit of the fabricated ZnO–SnO2 nanofibers sensor toward H2S gas can be as low as 0.5 ppm. Finally, a plausible sensing mechanism for the proposed ZnO–SnO2 composite nanofibers sensor to H₂S was also discussed.