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Observed and Normative Discount Functions in Addiction and other Diseases

机译:在成瘾和其他疾病中观察和规范的折现函数

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摘要

The aim of this paper is to find a suitable discount function able to describe the progression of a certain addiction or disease under treatment as a discounting process. In effect, a certain indicator related to a disease decays over time in a manner which is mathematically similar to the way in which discounting has been modeled. We analyze the discount functions observed in experiments which study addictive and other problematic behaviors as well as some alternative hyperbola-like discount functions in order to fit the patience exhibited by the subject after receiving the treatment. Additionally, it has been experimentally found that people with addiction display high rates of discount (impatience) and preference reversals (dynamic inconsistency). This excessive discounting must be correctly modeled by a suitable discount function, otherwise, it can become a trans-disease process underlying addiction and other disorders. The (generalized) exponentiated hyperbolic discount function is proposed to describe the progression of a disease with respect to the treatment, since it maintains the property of inconsistency by exhibiting a decreasing discount rate after an initial period in which the opposite occurs.
机译:本文的目的是找到一种合适的折现函数,该函数可以将某种成瘾或疾病的治疗过程描述为折现过程。实际上,与疾病有关的某个指标随着时间的流逝而衰减,该方式在数学上类似于对折现建模的方式。我们分析了在研究成瘾性和其他问题行为的实验中观察到的折扣函数,以及一些替代性的双曲线样折扣函数,以适应受试者在接受治疗后表现出的耐心。另外,通过实验发现,成瘾者表现出较高的折扣率(不耐烦)和偏好逆转率(动态不一致)。这种过度的打折必须通过合适的打折函数正确地建模,否则,它可能会成为成瘾和其他疾病的潜在转病过程。提出了(广义)指数双曲线折现函数来描述疾病相对于治疗的进展,因为它通过在出现相反的初始阶段之后展现出降低的折现率来保持不一致的性质。

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