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Chromatin Insulators and Topological Domains: Adding New Dimensions to 3D Genome Architecture

机译:染色质绝缘子和拓扑结构域:为3D基因组体系结构添加新维度

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摘要

The spatial organization of metazoan genomes has a direct influence on fundamental nuclear processes that include transcription, replication, and DNA repair. It is imperative to understand the mechanisms that shape the 3D organization of the eukaryotic genomes. Chromatin insulators have emerged as one of the central components of the genome organization tool-kit across species. Recent advancements in chromatin conformation capture technologies have provided important insights into the architectural role of insulators in genomic structuring. Insulators are involved in 3D genome organization at multiple spatial scales and are important for dynamic reorganization of chromatin structure during reprogramming and differentiation. In this review, we will discuss the classical view and our renewed understanding of insulators as global genome organizers. We will also discuss the plasticity of chromatin structure and its re-organization during pluripotency and differentiation and in situations of cellular stress.
机译:后生动物基因组的空间组织直接影响基本的核过程,包括转录,复制和DNA修复。必须了解塑造真核基因组3D组织的机制。染色质绝缘子已成为跨物种的基因组组织工具包的核心组件之一。染色质构象捕获技术的最新进展为绝缘子在基因组结构中的建筑作用提供了重要见识。绝缘子在多个空间尺度上参与3D基因组的组织,对于在重编程和分化过程中染色质结构的动态重组非常重要。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论经典观点以及对绝缘子作为全球基因组组织者的新认识。我们还将讨论染色质结构的可塑性及其在多能性和分化过程中以及细胞应激情况下的重组。

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