Determinants of adherence to self-care behavior among women with type 2 diabetes: an explanation based on health belief model

摘要

>Background: Self-care is an essential element in treating a person with diabetes; and managing diabetes is of prime importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictors of adherence to self-care behavior among women with Type 2 diabetes. >Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 210 female patients aged 30 to 60. Data collection tool was an anonymous valid and reliable questionnaire designed based on the Health Belief Model (HBM), which acquired information about the followings: Perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, self-efficacy and diabetes self-care behavior. Data were analyzed by t-test, chisquare and regression analysis. >Results: The multiple regression models revealed 59.9% of the variance of self-care behavior with self-efficacy, perceived barrier, benefit and susceptibility. Additionally, the highest weight for β (β=0.87) was found for self-efficacy. Self-care behavior was positively correlated with all HBM variables except for perceived barriers showing a negative correlation. >Conclusion: The Health Belief Model may be used as a framework to design intervention programsin an attempt to improve adherence to self-care behaviors of women with diabetes. In addition, theresults indicated that self-efficacy might play a more crucial role in developing self-care behaviorsthan t other HBM components. Therefore, if the focus is placed on self-efficacy when developingeducational programs, it may increase the likelihood of adherence to self-care behavior.