Retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy in renal pelvic stone versus open surgery - a comparative study

摘要

BackgroundThe introduction of endourological procedures such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy and ureterorenoscopy have led to a revolution in the the management of urinary stone disease. The indications for open stone surgery have been narrowed significantly, making it a second- or third-line treatment option.