Influence of chronic diseases on societal participation in paid work volunteering and informal caregiving in Europe: a 12-year follow-up study

摘要

BackgroundThis study aims to provide insight into (1) the associations between having a chronic disease and participation in paid work, volunteer activities or informal care, (2) the associations between the onset of a chronic disease and these forms of societal participation, and (3) whether these associations differ across educational level and gender.