三峡电站变顶高尾水洞水力过渡过程试验研究

摘要

In order to playback flow process of water hammer wave inside the inclined roof tailrace tunnel of underground power plant of Three Gorges Project and precisely test the adjustable parameters of major fluctuations and stability of small fluctuations of the unit,the test research on hydraulic transient process inside the inclined roof tailrace tunnel with damping well was conducted by model of hydroelectric generating set. The test results showed that while major fluctuation occurs, the water hammer wave may fade in one minute with a back and forth transmitting process in inclined roof tailrace tunnel, the adjustable parameters can meet the design requirements;while small fluctuation occurs, the unit is stable;it is necessary to set up a damping well for improving the safety degree of inclined roof tailrace tunnel. The underground power station has run safely and stably for three years, the measured results show that the model test results are consistent with and prototype observation.%为了逼真复演三峡地下电站变顶高尾水洞内水击波动流态过程和较精确测试大波动调保参数与小波动机组性能的稳定性,应用模型水轮发电机组对电站设阻尼井的变顶高尾水洞进行了水力过渡过程试验研究。结果表明,大波动时,水击波在变顶高尾水洞内传播一个来回过程,1 min即可衰减,各项调保参数均可满足设计要求；小波动时,机组的稳定性能较好；设置阻尼井对提高变顶高尾水洞运行的安全度是必要的。三峡地下电站已安全稳定运行了3 a,实测数据表明,模型试验成果与原型观测较一致。