@@ "Long Bi" (癃闭) is referred to retention of urine, marked by pain and fullness in the lower abdomen and obstructed urination. "Long"means difficulty in urination, dribbling urination, and the patient's condition worsens gradually. "Bi" means blockage of urination, or inability to pass urine despite the patient has a micturition desire. Generally, the state of the former attacks slowly and the later occurs acutely. Although there is a certain difference between "Long" and "Bi" in the seriousness of illness, both of them are referred to difficulty in urination, so combined together, are termed as "Long Bi". This syndrome includes dysuria and retention of urine caused by functional or organic diseases of the urinary bladder and urethra in modern medicine.
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