施肥对油茶春梢生长及叶片矿质元素含量的影响

摘要

In orderto realize efficient and accurate fertilization of Camellia oleifera,using containerized seedlings of improved cultivar of C.oleifera'Changlin 4'as materials,effects of different fertilization strategies and N,P,K proportion in compound fertilizer on spring shoot growth and contents of main mineral elements N,P,K in new leaves were researched.The results showed that the application amount of compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer had significant influences on the length of spring shoots,while different N,P,K proportion in compound fertilizer had no significant effect on the length of spring shoots.Organic fertilizer application in winter had no significant influence on N,P,K contents in new leaves of spring shoots.While application amount,N,P,K nutrient proportion and application frequency of compound fertilizer had significant effects on N and K contents in new leaves of spring shoots,and no significant effect on P content in new leaves.Overall,applying 25 g organic fertilizer per tree in winter and 15 g compound fertilizer per tree (N,P2O5,K2O proportion 5:1:5) in May was beneficial for spring shoots growth and improvement of N and K nutrients in new leaves.%为了实现对油茶的高效精准施肥,以普通油茶良种‘长林4号’盆栽大苗为试材,研究了不同施肥策略及复合肥不同氮、磷、钾配比对春梢生长及叶片主要矿质元素氮磷钾元素含量的影响.研究结果表明:复合肥和有机肥的施用量对春梢长度影响显著,而复合肥不同氮磷钾配比对春梢长度无显著影响;冬季有机肥的施用对春梢叶片氮磷钾矿质元素含量无显著影响,而不同复合肥施用量、氮磷钾配比和施用频次显著影响春梢叶片氮钾元素含量,对叶片磷元素的含量影响则不显著;冬季施用25g/株有机肥、5月份施用N∶P2O5∶K2O配比为5∶1∶5的复合肥15g/株,对促进油茶春梢生长、改善春梢叶片氮钾营养效果最佳.