激光+GMAW复合热源焊接是近几年在国际上得到迅速发展和应用的焊接前沿新技术,是轻金属材料优质高效连接的最佳熔焊工艺.但对其内在的物理特征及其基础理论和关键技术问题还缺乏深入的研究.文中分析了激光+GMAW复合热源焊接在国内外的研究现状,并在此基础上根据作者已进行的研究,提出了当前应当重点深入研究的几个关键科学和技术问题,如激光与电弧的能量耦合机制、激光对弧焊熔滴过渡的作用机制、复合热源焊接熔池内的传热与传质、复合热源焊接冶金、焊接接头的应力-应变场与变形控制规律等.最后指出数值模拟是轻金属材料复合热源焊接基础研究的重要手段.%Laser + GMAW hybrid welding is a novel welding process,which has obtained rapid development and applications in recent years. It is the most optimum fusion welding technology for light metals with high quality and efficiency. However,there is still a lack of deep research on its inherent process characteristics,physical mechanism,and key technical problems. In this paper,the present situation of laser + GMAW hybrid welding is reviewed firstly. Then the relevant science and technology problems in this field are put forward for further study,such as the energy coupling mechanism between the laser beam and the arc, the effects of laser beam on metal transfer in GMAW, heat and mass transfer in hybrid weld pool, weld metallurgy, variation regularity of thermal stress/strain and distortion, and so on. Finally, it points out that numerical simulation is a powerful tool in conducting fundamental investigation on hybrid welding of light metals.
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