长距离高落差有压重力流输水特性研究

摘要

长距离高落差有压重力流输水在城镇尤其是山区城镇供水工程中得到广泛应用，然而这类输水管道爆管事故频发对城镇供水安全构成了严重威胁，通过理论与实例分析了管线长度(L)和高差(H )在发生管线末端关阀水锤时，对管道内部最大水锤压力的影响。研究发现 L 增加对阀门前端最大水锤压力有消减作用；H 增加对阀门前端最大水锤压力有增大作用；L 与 H 同时增加时，共同作用影响阀门前端最大水锤压力。%The pressured gravity water transmission system with long distance and high fall head was widely applied in municipal water supply engineering projects in cities and towns,espe-cially in mountainous area.However,pipe burst accidents happened in this kind of water transmis-sion pipe frequently,which had been a serious threat to municipal water supply system security. Through theoretical study and case study,this paper analyzed the impacts of pipe length (L)and fall head (H)on maximum water hammer inside pipe when the end valve was closed.It was found in the research that the increase of L would reduce the maximum water hammer pressure before the valve;the increase of H would enhance the maximum water hammer before valve;the increase of both L and H would affect the maximum water hammer before valve simultaneously.