[1]School of Transportation;
Southeast University;
Nanjing 210096;
China;
[2]School of Civil Engineering;
Huaqiao University;
Xiamen 361021;
China;
[2]School of Civil Engineering;
Huaqiao University;
Xiamen 361021;
China;
[3]School of Civil Engineering;
Beijing Jiaotong University;
Beijing 100044;
China;
Particle; Porous media; Retention; Release; Hydrodynamic force;