基于MIKE软件的天然河道局部水头损失特性研究

摘要

天然河道渐扩段容易形成一种常见的分流形态,分流时易产生漩涡,会产生较大的水头损失,河道局部水头损失的计算对水利工程的设计有重要的指导意义.为此,基于MIKE软件数学模拟手段,模拟河道渐扩段的沿程水面线,研究了渐扩段的局部水头损失,结果表明:采用水动力学模型对渐扩段河道水流特性进行二维数值模拟得到的渐扩段沿程水面线与计算值吻合较好;MIKE软件可以有效地减少计算时间,极大地提高分析效率,研究结果可为河道渐扩段设计计算提供参考.%A common diversion pattern is easily formed in expanding section of natural river channel.As the vortices are easy to be produced when diverting,it will cause greater head loss.The calculation of local water head loss has important guiding significance for the design of water conservancy engineering.Based on the mathematical simulation of MIKE software,the water surface line along expanding section of river channel is simulated,and the local water head loss of expanding section is also studied.The results show that,(a) the two-dimensional numerical simulation results of water surface line based on hydrodynamic model are in good agreement with the calculated value of empirical formula;and (b) the MIKE software can effectively reduce calculation time and improve analysis efficiency.The simulation results can be as reference for the design and calculation of expanding river section.