介绍EMCCD的增益原理,详细分析了EMCCD各种噪声的产生机理及其与外部驱动电路的关系,为设计EMCCD相机外围驱动电路提供有价值的参考.EMCCD散粒噪声与量子效率有关,无法消除;热生暗电流噪声与器件工作温度、曝光时间和工作模式有关,需对EMCCD进行深度制冷并使其工作于IMO模式才能抑制暗电流噪声;CIC噪声与工作模式、垂直转移驱动信号幅度、频率、上升沿、下降沿都有关系,必须选择合适的驱动幅度和频率,并对波形进行整形;噪声因子F与增益的稳定性和工作温度有关系,必须保持工作温度恒定,高压增益驱动信号高低电平十分稳定,没有抖动;等效读出噪声与倍增增益、读出速率和温度有关,在满足应用要求的前提下应尽量降低读出速率、增大增益.%EMCCD gain principle is introduced, all kinds of noise generation mechanism and how the external driving circuit influences the noise of EMCCD are analyzed. It's a valuable reference for design EMCCD cameras. EMCCD shot noise is relative to quantum efficiency and can't be eliminated. Heat dark current noise is relative to work temperature, exposure time and work mode. EMCCD works in a very cold condition and in IMO mode; CIC noise has a relationship with work mode, the vertical transfer signal amplitude, frequency, rising edge, falling edge. It chooses fight driving voltage amplitude and frequency, and plastic the shape of driving signal simultaneously. The noise factor F is strongly influenced by the high-voltage driving signal and work temperature, it maintains a stable high-voltage driving signal and a fixed environment temperature. Equivalent readout noise is relative to the gain, readout rate and the temperature. It reduces read speed, increases gain in application to suppress readout noise.
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