邹家山铀矿床中伴生稀土元素的地球化学特征及酸浸实验研究

摘要

研究了邹家山铀矿床原始矿石中的稀土元素含量特征及其在酸浸过程中的行为。结果表明：(1)该矿床矿石中伴生的稀土元素总含量很高,∑REE平均含量达3231.55×106,其中 HREE达2933.39×106,属珍贵的重稀土元素富集型,具有负 Eu 异常、Ce 无异常的特征。(2)在强酸及氧化剂浸泡条件下,轻、重稀土元素的浸出行为明显不同。重稀土元素更易被浸出,其浸出率是轻稀土元素的2倍左右。在强酸或强酸加氧化剂浸泡下,随原子序数的增加,轻稀土元素(La~Eu)的浸出率较明显增加,而重稀土元素(Gd~Lu Y)的浸出率则小幅度递减；15种稀土元素中 Gd的浸出率最高,La的浸出率最低。(3)初步获得邹家山铀矿床伴生稀土元素酸法浸出的最佳硫酸浓度和氧化剂用量,即在硫酸浓度为30 g/L 的条件下,100 mL 的浸泡液中含有2 mL30%的过氧化氢时,稀土元素浸出率可达到最高值。%Chemical partial extraction and trace elements analysis method were used to study the REE content characteristics in original ore in Zhoujiashan uranium deposit and the behavior of REE in leaching process in this paper.The average ∑REE of uranium mineralization in Zoujiashan uranium deposit is 3231.55×10 6 and HREE comes to 2933.39 ×10 6 ,so it belongs to the precious REE type with HREE enrichment.The REE pattern has the characteristic of strong negative Eu anomaly and weak negative Ce anomaly. Under the conditions of strong acids and oxidants,the leaching behavior of LREE and HREE is significantly different. The heavy rare earth is easy to leaching,and the HREE leaching rate is about 2 times as LREE. As the atomic number increases,the leaching rate of LREE (La~Eu)increased obvi-ously,and HREE (Gd~Lu Y)leaching rate will slowly decrease.The highest leaching rate in 1 5 rare earth elements is Gd,and the lowest is La. The optimum conditions of acidity and oxidant concentration are initially obtained for leaching REE associated in Zoujiashan uranium deposit,i,e.,the leaching rate of REE will reach the highest value in 100 mL 30 g/L sulfuric acid solution containing 2 mL hydrogen peroxide with the density of 30%.