身体改造：清末民初的军国民运动与国民觉醒

摘要

Modem China is a period that body improvement movement reached its climax. This paper investigates the impact of military national movement and national awakening on people＇ s body improvement. Military national movement regarded national spirit the essence and body improvement as the purpose. It called on that people＇ s health should be the basis of the prosperity of our country. It led the trend of nationalized and socialized body improvement. Furthermore, it indicates that the modem attitude towards people＇ s health, with nationalism as the core idea, has been established.%近代中国是历史上“身体改造”最为激烈的时期。本文以清末民初的军国民运动①与国民觉醒为视角，考察了军国民运动给国民身体改造带来的冲击与影响。军国民运动以国魂为召唤，以身体的军事化开发、改造作为诉求和主张，毫不遮掩地呼吁中国应该将身体视为国富民强的根本基础，引导着对国民身体加以国家化和社会化的意图，这标志着以民族主义、国家主义作为思想核心的中国近代身体观开始正式形成。