水热体系化学传感器的研究现状与发展

摘要

高温高压水热体系在科学实验、工业过程和自然界中广泛存在.为得到诸如海底热液、火山口等高温高压环境的准确信息,原位测量技术成为近年来国内外致力发展的调查研究技术,而化学传感器则是原位测量装置的重要组成部分.YSZ和Zr/ZrO2这类集成式化学传感器可以探测海底热液的pH值、H2逸度、H2S逸度.对目前国际上研究较多的YSZ,Zr/ZrO2和Ir/IrOx等高温高压化学传感器从设计原理到实际应用进行了详细的介绍,并对其发展趋势进行了展望.%The aqueous solutions at elevated-temperatures and pressures exist in scientific experiments, industrial production and the nature world. In order to get accurate information such as hydrothermal reaction, much effort has been devoted to the development of in-situ measurement techniques in recent years,and chemical sensors are important parts of the measuring devices. These sensors can detect the pH value of sea-floor hydrothermal, H2 fugacity and H2S fugacity. The design principles and practical applications of YSZ,Zr/ZrO2 and Ir/IrOx chemical sensor are described. Developmental prospects of the high temperature and high pressure chemical sensors in the future are also discussed.