氢氧化物反应体系中离子分布的计算方法

摘要

提出一种计算公式，定量地计算同时形成氢氧化物沉淀和氢氧配合物的化学反应体系中金属离子的分布，考察影响氢氧化物沉淀和氢氧配合物形成的各种因素；基于提出的公式，计算锌、铁、铝、铜和镁的沉淀率，理论计算与实验结果一致。根据提出的计算公式，可以很好地描述在任意金属离子同时存在的氢氧化物反应体系中金属离子的存在形态，考察影响金属离子分布的因素。%A formula was proposed to calculate the distribution of metal ions quantitatively in chemical reaction system forming hydroxide where precipitation and complex are formed together. The effects of some factors on formation of precipitation and complex were investigated, and the corresponding precipitation rates of zinc, iron (III), aluminum, copper and magnesium were calculated. As a result, it shows that the proposed formula is reliable. By the proposed formula, the existence state of metal ions in hydroxides reaction system with any metal ions can be well described and the effects of some factors on the distribution of metal ions were determined.