铝合金车门防撞梁热冲压成形缺陷

摘要

The forming defects, including thinning, rupture, wrinkling and springback, usually arising in producing a side-door impact beam, were investigated by trial and numerical simulation. A temperature-related constitutive model specific to the temperature range from 350 °C to 500 °C was established and used for the numerical simulation. The trial and numerical simulation were conducted to clarify the quantitative characteristics of forming defects and to analyze the effects of process parameters on the forming defects. Results show that the rupture situation is ameliorated and the springback is eliminated in the aluminum alloy hot stamping. The wrinkling severity decreases with increasing blank holder force (BHF), but the BHF greater than 15 kN causes the rupture at the deepest drawing position of workpiece. The forming defects are avoided with lubricant in the feasible ranges of process parameters: the BHF of 3 to 5 kN and the stamping speed of 50 to 200 mm/s.%通过试验和数值仿真研究生产车门防撞梁中经常出现的减薄、破裂、起皱和回弹成形等缺陷。建立了适用于350~500°C的本构模型，并用于铝合金热冲压数值仿真。进行冲压试验和数值模拟以弄清成形缺陷的量化规律并分析工艺参数对成形缺陷的影响。研究结果表明：铝合金热冲压中破裂现象得到改善，回弹基本消除。增大压边力可减轻起皱的程度，但压边力超过15 kN将导致工件最大拉深处破裂。在压边力为3~5 kN，冲压速度为50~200 mm/s及有润滑的条件下，可以避免成形缺陷的产生。