金属矿海底开采合理矿柱框架构建

摘要

为实现三山岛金矿海底矿床的安全开采,设计5种保安矿柱留设方案.利用重整化群方法,探索矿柱群的破坏机理,得出保证海底开采的矿柱安全系数.通过FLAC3D数值模拟,对5种矿柱框架构建方案进行计算,分析不同矿柱框架留设方案的位移特征、应力?应变演化规律、塑性区分布及破坏范围.对顶板沉降及矿柱的安全系数进行评价,从而选出合理的矿柱框架方案.此外,利用模糊综合评判法对所选矿柱框架构建方案进行验证.所选定的最佳方案的矿柱安全系数为2.06,并且顶板位移量最小.此方案沿矿体走向每隔50m设置10m间柱,在127、151和167勘探线设置15m间柱.本研究对海底开采矿柱结构的优化设计具有指导意义.%In order to achieve the safe mining in Sanshandao Gold Mine, five schemes of secure pillar group are designed. Using the method of the renormalization group, the failure mechanism of the pillar group is explored, and the safety factor of the pillar system is also obtained. The displacement characteristics, stress?strain laws, distribution of plastic zone and damage range of different pillar group are analyzed using numerical calculation software FLAC3D. To determine a reasonable pillar group scheme, the pillar stability and roof deformation are utilized to evaluate the safety of the pillar group. In addition, the theory of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is adopted to verify the optimal scheme. The pillar group with the lowest roof deformation value is chosen as the optimal plan, which renders a factor of safety of 2.06 for the pillar group. According to this scheme, pillars with the width of 10 m are set along the strike of undersea deposit with the interval of 50 m. Rib pillars of 15 m in width are set at the location of the exploration line of 127, 151 and 167. The analysis can be used to provide guidance for optimal design of pillar structures in undersea mining.