变量喷洒喷头组合喷灌试验

摘要

变量喷头可以根据喷洒地块形状和喷洒量的要求实现射程和流量的同步可控,对精确灌溉具有重要意义.试验研究了基于扇形通孔动静片调节器的变量喷头在系统不同压力工况下组合喷灌时的水量分布及喷灌均匀度等水力性能,并与传统圆形喷洒域喷头进行了对比,研究了变量调节器对喷头性能的影响及其对工作压力的敏感性.工作压力和调节器的双因素重复全面试验结果表明,变量精确灌溉喷头较传统圆形喷洒域喷头单喷头控制面积降低了15.4％,喷灌均匀度提高了9.5％,喷灌强度降低了15.7％,射程损失了5.9％,喷洒域系数可达64.0％.组合均匀度方差分析结果表明,调节器和工作压力以及两者之间的交互作用对组合均匀度都有极显著影响,变量调节器的设计需要满足喷头在不同工作压力工况条件下的性能要求.%Variable-rate nozzle achieves range and flow synchronous control according to the spraying shape and spray volume requirements.It has important significance on the precision irrigation.The variable nozzle with fan-shaped hole and static vane regulator was studied.Hydraulic performance,such as irrigation distribution and irrigation uniformity of variable nozzle under different pressure conditions was analyzed.Comparing with the traditional round nozzle spray domain,influence of variable vane regulator on nozzle performance and sensitivity to the working pressure were studied.The results of double factors repeated test showed that the single nozzle control area of variable precision irrigation sprinkler was reduced by 15.4％ than the traditional round nozzle.The sprinkler irrigation evenness was increased by 9.5％.The sprinkler irrigation intensity was reduced by 15.7％.The range was reduced by 5.9％.The spraying domain coefficients reached to 64.0％.Combination evenness variance analysis results showed that the regulator and pressure as well as the interaction between them had significant influence.The design of the variable modifiers needs to meet the performance of nozzle under different working pressure conditions.