耕地整治质量潜力测算方法

摘要

Currently in many studies, farmland qualitative potential in land consolidation is calculated based on farmland classification grades. However, factors of farmland classification cannot completely reflect the effects that land consolidation projects produce in increasing farmland quality by building infrastructure such as farmland roads, farmland shelterbelts, and irrigation and drainage systems. No considering the ability of farmland limiting factors reformed by land consolidation, the results of farmland qualitative potential are questionable. The purpose of this paper was to extend the method of calculation of farmland qualitative potential in land consolidation in a case of Shenyang City. First, the paper analyzed the limiting factors for farmland that can be reformed by land consolidation in comparing with factors included in farmland classification. Then, the revised method of evaluating farmland quality was put forward, the method as follow:weight values was supplied and scores of land consolidation reformed factors to the index system of farmland nature quality evaluation in farmland classification was graded, and the revised method was verified by testing the correlation analysis of yield of standard food with farmland utilization grade index. Second, scores of farmland limiting factors were adjusted according to the level of typical land consolidation projects or the maximum value of factors in the third farmland gradation index areas. Third, the formula to calculate farmland qualitative potential was formed based on the D-value of farmland utilization grades before and after land consolidation, and potential zones were identified for the possibility of increase. The potential results of revised methods were compared with those of the planning methods in land consolidation. The study area is Shenyang City of Liaoning Province, and data were obtained from 2007 farmland classification results, 2010 land use change survey and data updates, and 2010 soil maps, DEM data, and forest departmental statistics.%　　现有耕地整治质量潜力测算大都直接利用农用地分等成果进行，忽略了耕地整治工程措施可改造的耕地质量限制因素与农用地分等因素的非衔接关系，掩盖了土地整治对耕地限制因素可改造程度差异。该文基于耕地整治可改造因素修正，以沈阳市为例，建立了服务于土地整治的耕地质量评价指标体系及质量潜力计算模型（修正法）。结果表明：该方法评价整治前沈阳市耕地质量利用等为5.6等，整治后耕地质量可提高1.2个利用等；得到的耕地利用等指数与基准作物实际产量相关系数R2为0.8517，精度高于农用地分等结果。修正法测算的耕地整治质量潜力增强了耕地整治工程措施与耕地质量限制因素的结合程度，避免了某些限制因子难以改造或难以达到最优值而导致的整治潜力结果偏差，提高了潜力测算结果的科学性和应用性，可为市级土地整治规划提供方法参考。