缓释肥对冬小麦产量和肥料农学利用率的影响

摘要

运用随机区组试验,设置两个配方缓释肥三个施肥水平、常规配方肥和空白处理等8个处理,对冬小麦的产量和肥料农学利用率进行了研究.结果表明:缓释肥1(配方为20-22-6)600 kg·hm-2处理冬小麦产量最高,较不施肥和习惯施肥处理分别提高了39.2％和18.7％;缓释肥2(配方为20-16-6)600 kg·hm-2处理经济效益最佳,为5558.8元·hm-2,比常规施肥多2120.5元·hm-2;缓释肥1(配方为20-22-6)600 kg·hm-2处理氮肥、钾肥农学利用率高最高,分别是13.08,43.61 kg·kg-1;缓释肥2(配方为20-16-6)中量处理磷肥农学利用率高最高,是16.08 kg·kg-1.%The effects of slow-release fertilizer on yield and fertilizer agronomic efficiency of winter wheat were studied through ran-domized blocks experiment, eight treatments were set, including three fertilization levels of two formulas of slow-release fertilizer, conventional formula fertilizer and non-fertilization treatment. The results showed that, compared with conventional formula fertilizer and non-fertilization treatment, the yield of applying 600 kg·hm-2 slow-release fertilizers (20-22-6) increased 18.7％and 39.2％, respectively. Applying 600 kg·hm-2 fertilizers (20-16-6) had the best economic benefit that was 5558.8 RMB·hm-2, and the eco-nomic benefit was 2120.5 RMB·hm-2 higher than conventional formula fertilizer. Applying 600 kg·hm-2 slow-release fertilizers (20-22-6) had the highest agronomic efficiency of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer that the value were 13.08, 43.61 kg·kg-1, while apply-ing 600 kg·hm-2 fertilizers(20-16-6) had the highest agronomic efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer that was 16.08 kg·kg-1.