网络谣言的“蝴蝶效应”与危机管控

摘要

The South American rainforest a butterfly flapping its wings, may cause thousands of miles of the Pacific storm track, which is open to atmospheric system natural chain effect. Similarly, the Internet also have similar features, any little waves are possible by means of the media developed the convenient evolved into a great disturbance, and the Internet rumor is easier to follow, be amplified; Internet rumors have spread risk of small, low cost, rapid propagation, weak features such as diffusion control. Its characteristics determine the network rumor was once widely spread, the consequence is often difficult to predict and control. According to the characteristics of Internet rumors, ability have a definite object in view for crisis prevention and management.%　　南美热带雨林的一只蝴蝶扇动翅膀，可能引起数千里外的太平洋风暴，这是开放的大气系统所天然具有的连锁效应。同样，开放的互联网也有类似的特点，任何一点小小的浪花都有可能借助媒体发达之便利演变成轩然大波，而网络谣言似乎更容易被追随，被放大；网络谣言具有散布风险小、传播成本低、扩散迅速、把关薄弱等特点。其特点决定了网络谣言一旦被广泛传播，其后果往往很难预料与控制。进行危机预防与管控的方法有：法律强制与信息公开；网民自律；网络控制；媒体补救。