空间监视相控阵雷达匹配搜索技术研究

摘要

研究空间监视相控阵雷达搜索方法问题.针对常规搜索方法所面临的低轨目标拦截概率和搜索范围间的矛盾,提出基于空间碎片运动特性的匹配搜索方法.基于不同轨道高度空间碎片对搜索数据率要求的差异性,充分利用发射波束的主瓣宽度,将搜索屏看成“慢搜索远距离”和“快搜索近距离”的两个等效搜索屏,分别用于探测高、低轨道目标.在此基础上,通过优化轨道高度划分和波束编排,实现不同轨道高度目标的匹配数据率搜索.最后,利用实际空间碎片轨道根数和雷达散射横截面积数据,仿真比较了匹配搜索方法与常规搜索方法的探测效能,结果表明,匹配搜索方法对于低轨空间碎片的探测效能远高于常规搜索方法,对空间监视相控阵雷达搜索策略和资源管理方法的研究具有重要意义.%The search method by phased array radar is researched.In regard to the conflict between the probability of intercepting low earth orbit debris and search range,a search method so-called match search based on active characteristic of space debris is proposed.Based on the difference of search data rate request by space debris in different orbit height,the main transmit beam width is used adequately,and the search fence is seen as two fences of a "slow search far range" fence and a "fast search near range" fence,which are used to search high and low earth orbit debris,separately.On this basis,data rate match searches of debris in different orbit height are realized by optimizing orbit heights partition and beam arrangement.Finally,detection capabilities of match search and common search are simulated and compared,using orbit elements and radar cross section of actual space debris.It is shown that the detection capability of low earth orbit debris by match search is far better than that of common search.The research is a significance contributed to the research on search strategy and resource management method of space surveillance phased array radar.