出生季节对公猪繁殖性能的影响

摘要

以公猪出生季节为研究对象，应用单因素方差分析和多重比较等统计方法对广东地区的1736头公猪数据进行分析，以探索季节性差异对公猪繁殖性能的影响。结果表明，冬季出生的公猪使役寿命达到16.04个月，配种母猪的分娩率为76.35%，繁殖效率值为8.04头/胎，与春季出生的公猪相比差异不显著（P>0.05），但显著或极显著高于夏、秋两季出生的公猪。此外，冬、春季出生杜洛克公猪的配种母猪分娩率分别为76.85%和77.41%，两者差异不显著（P>0.05），但均显著高于夏季和秋季出生的公猪（P<0.05）；冬、春季出生长白公猪的使役寿命最长，分别为16.90个月和16.16个月，两者差异不显著（P>0.05），但均极显著高于夏、秋季出生的公猪（P<0.01）；冬、春季出生大白公猪的使役寿命分别为15.03个月和15.04个月，两者差异不显著（P>0.05），但均显著高于夏、秋季出生的公猪（P<0.05）。因此，选育冬-春季节出生的公猪是提升基础母猪群繁殖效率的有效途径。%The One-Way ANOVA and LSD test were used to analyse 1 736 boar datafor studying the effect ofbirth season on boar reproductive performance.These study results shown that boars born in winter had 16.04 months reproductive longevity,76.35% farrowing rate,and 8.04 head per litter reproductive efficiency.These parameters were not significantly different with boars born in spring,but were significantly or extremely significantly better than boars born in summer and autumn.Meanwhile,Duroc boars born in winter and spring had highest farrowing rate (76.85% and 77.41%,P>0.05),which were significantly higher than those born in summer and autumn(P<0.05);Landrace boars born in winter and spring had longest reproductive longevity (16.90 months and 16.16 months,P>0.05),which were significantly longest than those born in summer and autumn (P<0.01);Yorkshire boars born in winter and spring had highest reproductive longevity(15.03 months and 15.04 months,P>0.05),which were significantly highest than those born in summer and autumn (P<0.05).Comprehensive above,the boars born in spring and winter is helpful for enhance herds reproductive efficiency.