牙周病与早产低出生体重儿关系的临床研究

摘要

目的 比较分娩早产低出生体重儿(PLBW)的孕妇与足月妊娠正常分娩新生儿(NBW)孕妇的牙周状况及牙周病的发生率,探讨牙周病与PLBW的关系.方法 随机选取分娩PLBW的孕妇206例为研究组,选取同期分娩NBW的孕妇209例为对照组,检测两组孕妇的牙周状况,记录菌斑指数( PLI)、探诊深度(PD),临床附着丧失(CAL)和出血指数(BI),并计算牙周炎位点率(PD ＞3 mm,CAL＞2 mm)及牙周病的发生率.结果 分娩早产低出生体重儿的孕妇牙周炎位点率(3.3％)和牙周病发生率(81.1％)明显高于对照组(1.4％,35.9％),差异有显著性(P＜0.01)；牙周炎位点率与孕周和新生儿体重均呈负相关系(P＜0.05).结论 牙周病可能是PLBW发生的危险因素.%Objective To evaluate periodontal conditions and prevalence of periodontal diseases in pregnant women who had normal-birth-weight(NBW) and preterm-low-birth-weight(PLBW) delivery outcomes. Methods 206 women who gave birth to PLBW and 209 women who had normal delivery were recruited postpartum in this case-control study. Periodontal measurements included plaque index ( PI), probing pocket depth(PD) , clinical attachment loss(CAL), bleeding index(BI) , the percentage of periodontitis sites(PD >3 m m,C AL-2mm) and prevalence of periodontal diseases. Results The percentage of periodontitis sites (3.3% ) and prevalence of periodontal diseases (81.1% ) were significantly higher in the PLBW group than those in the NBW group (1.4% ,35.9% )(P<0.01). Significant negative correlations were observed between percentage of periodontitis sites and the gestational age at delivery as well as neonatal body weight (P <0 .05 ). Conclusions There may be a possible link between periodontal diseases and preterm-low-birth-weight delivery outcomes.